Squat Base

There are numerous ways to identify socketed Netherlandish candlesticks, the period that they were made, and what part of the Burgundian Netherlands they likely yield from. What might initially appear to be a complex endeavor, is actually relatively easy with a little practice and research.

First, let’s start with the candlestick base. Through the years, Burgundian Netherlandish Socketed Candlesticks, distinguished by their base, evolved into seven major forms – Tripod-base (±1350 to ±1425), Funnel-base (±1425 to ±1500), Squat-base (±1475 to ±1525), Flat-base (±1475 to ±1525), Capstan (±1525 to ± 1650), Mid-drip (Heemskerk) (±1525 to ± 1725), and Wasted-base (±1550 to ±1650). “±” indicates an approximately 25 year spread. There are numerous subsets within these forms, and each form can be further distinguished by other features typical of their respective form, which we’ll address hereafter.

Squat Base Candlesticks

Squat-base (compressed), one, two or three knops (or blades); funnel-shaped or hexagonal socket; rectangular or square aperture
This early Squat Base example is unusual in that it has a faceted socket and is fairly large compared to contemporary examples of the period. The size, in conjunction with it's round aperture, likely indicates that this example was owned by someone of wealth. Additionally, the diameter of the inner socket which would hold the candle indicates that the it held a very large candle, and the round aperture indicates that a wax candle, as opposed to a tallow candle was used (wax was typically imported from Venice, which in turn was imported from the Middle East and was significantly more expensive than a tallow candle which was made from rendered animal fat).

Squat Base

This early Squat Base is a rare example in that it has a faceted socket and elongated aperture. Faceted sockets are often considered to be earlier examples, but that is not always the case. The "stretched" cone-like extension from the base to the stem may be a regional attribution, as well as it's donut-like knop in the center of the stem.

Squat Base

Having the distinct "Flemish" style socket (funnel-shaped) and a bulbous knop between two bladed knops, this example is a fine example of the Squat Base aesthetic.

Squat Base

Lacking the bulbous knop found in the previous example, this example is likely a contemporary to the other examples shown. Squat Base candlesticks appear to have been made for a comparatively short period.

Squat Base

Having the distinct "Flemish" style socket (funnel-shaped) and a bulbous knop between two bladed knops, this example is a fine example of the Squat Base aesthetic.

Squat Base

An early example, whose stem may have been cut just below the bulbous knop and peened to the base. An identical example is shown in Ronald Michaelis' "Old Domestic Base-Metal Candlesticks."

Squat Base

Identifying Candlesticks

Dating Candlesticks

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